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For extrapolations, we use the Gompertz model (Doray 2008; Gompertz 1825) where the force of mortality increases exponentially with age.
Define the chronological force of mortality, μ(a), and the thanatological force of increment, μ* y).
To provide timely life expectancy the current force of mortality (here for NRW) is applied to a hypothetical cohort and provides the data used in this study.
The Gompertz function assumes that the force of mortality increases exponentially with age and generally fits very well at older ages (Horiuchi and Coale 1982).
Hence, the force of mortality between the sexes appears to be different and an increasing gap at the population level does not necessarily imply individual change.
Thus, causes of death with larger relative black/white mortality gaps will be expected to exhibit larger gaps in the force of mortality selection, and thus in RMI.
Similar(40)
Smoking status and BMI influence life span expectancy and constitute competing forces of mortality with prostate cancer.
This relation is basically the consequence of the fact that the age window over which the forces of mortality and infection operate are separated.
It is possibly too simplistic, and perhaps does not accurately describe the forces of mortality or their interactions in old patients.
Furthermore, the use of relative survival rates underlies the assumption that patients are subject to two independent forces of mortality, i.e. that attributable to the disease and that in the general population.
Our contribution had a methodological focus: it examined the bias that may appear when using cross-sectional and retrospective data to estimate fertility rates for populations that are exposed as well to the forces of mortality and migration.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com