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In all groups, force of contraction and relaxation time increased with the concentration of Ca(2+) and decreased with nifedipine.
Inotropic agents are drugs that influence the force of contraction of cardiac muscle and thereby affect cardiac output.
This subsequently increases the force of contraction, since intracellular calcium ions are responsible for initiating the shortening of muscle cells.
Decreased cholinergic influence causes both reductions in the force of contraction and the loss of peristaltic sequence.
Right ventricular strips were mounted in oxygenated Krebs' solution and stimulated with supramaximal voltages at 1.0 Hz, while isometric force of contraction was continuously recorded.
Quinidine and procainamide have the disadvantage that they reduce the force of contraction of the heart and tend to lower blood pressure.
This stimulatory signaling pathway leads to the production of effects such as increasing rate and force of contraction of the heart that are characteristic of epinephrine.
In the heart, it increases the rate and force of contraction, thus increasing the output of blood and raising blood pressure.
Moss, R. L., Fitzsimons, D. P. & Ralphe, J. C. Cardiac MyBP-C regulates the rate and force of contraction in mammalian myocardium.
They also tend to reduce the force of contraction of the heart, which can be a disadvantage, and they produce various other unwanted effects.
An increase in the level of circulating epinephrine and norepinephrine from the sympathetic nervous system also increases the force of contraction.
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