In the ERCN, MCs may traverse from network to network; thus specific requirements have to be addressed for secure and QoS-aware user handover.
Contrarily, CloudMAC did not declare the switching procedure of associated stations among APs simultaneously that is required for per-user handover.
However, it brings frequent handover for user equipment (UE).
This is the most invasive approach for users, but forced handover is foreseen by long-term evolution (LTE) standards, and thus, the algorithm is well within the possibilities of present LTE equipment.
In such dynamic network settings the mentioned optimization models might cause many handovers between APs to accommodate for user arrivals or mobility.
In theory we may want to target 100%; however, experience has shown that a margin should be left for handover users so that we will use.
and the CP policy for handover users: β h h i st ( m i ) = { 0, i f s ∈ S single - mod e, t = s, ∑ s ' ∈ S m i s ' b s ' + b s ≤ C i 0, i f s ∈ S reduced-rate, t = s, ∑ s ' ∈ S m i s ' b s ' + b s ≤ C i 0, i f s ∈ S full-rate, t = s, ∑ s ' ∈ S m i s ' b s ' + b s ≤ σ 0, i f s ∈ S full-rate, t = M D C ( s ), t ∈ S reduced-rate, σ < ∑ s ' ∈ S m i s ' b s ' + b s ≤ C i 1, o t h e r w i s e (4).
Look for user-friendly software.
In order to support mobile users to handover seamlessly between heterogeneous networks, an IS is deployed to provide information about neighbor networks for mobile users.
