Sap flow probes are routinely used in forest and horticulture hydrology for estimating tree water use.
Therefore the probe seems to be an advantageous alternative to the pressure chamber for monitoring tree water status in hedgerow olive tree orchards.
We concluded that high-resolution thermal imagery captured from a mini RPAS is a suitable tool for defining tree water status variability within SHD olive orchards.
This study assessed the suitability of a crop water stress index (CWSI) derived from high-resolution aerial thermal imagery for estimating tree water status variability in super high density (SHD) olive orchards.
Such differences may be critical for augmenting the tree water supply in dry years and should be considered when designing soil and water conservation strategies for rain fed olive orchards.
The Js was found to be negatively correlated with tree biometric parameters, and whole tree water transport for a given tree size decreased with age or size, which was partially attributed to the lower sapwood quantity for a given diameter.
These predecessors in the White House had the foresight to save the necessities for life – trees, water, functioning ecosystems – in our national parks, forests, wildlife refuges and waterways where they would be safe from exploitation.
In addition to the large seasonal variation, intra-species variation in sap flux was also large and was a major controlling factor for tree-level water uptake at this young forest site in both dry and rainy seasons.
We will argue that in the case of severe weather, in addition to mitigation measures and the removal of damages (for example, broken trees, water damage), the main aim of actions taken by civil protection and emergency services is to maintain their ability to respond.
(For instance, Americans like trees, water, people, wildlife and George Washington).
