Controlling for trans-border geo-climactic differences, we find that income per capita is the most robust determinant of differences in cross-border forest cover.
Although we think that both having relatives abroad and communicating with them are good proxies for trans-border communication, more qualitative research is needed to grasp the specific contents of these trans-border conversations.
Thus, the coefficient for trans-border communication might be a biased and inconsistent estimate of the causal effect if having family abroad is associated with unobservable aspects of individuals included in the error term.
The reasons Obama cited were mostly procedural, accusing Congress of trying to circumvent the usual process for trans-border infrastructure.
That could create complications for the imposers of trans-border justice.
In addition, Global System for Mobile Communication – Railway (GSM-R) was considered, but rejected because of the lack of trans-border functionality and the need for more base stations, and thus higher investment costs, and longer start-up time for calls.
Rules, that would broaden the concept of sovereignty to allow trans border governance over markets.
Nation-states claim independence and sovereignty for themselves, but their autonomy is restricted by the tsunami of trans-border flows of trade goods and finance, of information, people, weapons, technology, energy, emissions, and pollution.
If we fail to control for this problem we will not be able to identify whether the estimated effect of trans-border communication is due to trans-border communication itself or to other factors that are present among those who have emigrant relatives but absent among those who do not have family abroad.
This is important as one should not take for granted that trans-border communication will always lead to the transmission of "positive" information.
More ironic is that, in the same year that his autostrada was declared the first of its kind, the engineer was finessing plans for a trans-border motorway between Hamburg and Genoa – phase one of a grand plan to connect all of Europe.
