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The two oxide layers between the device layers provide electrode isolation and etch stops for thickness control.
(2) A self-tuning controller designed according to the zero steady-state error control criterion is applied for thickness control in the last pass of plate hot-rolling.
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By solving benchmark problems, the validity of the method proposed for versatile thickness control is shown.
Liquid based precursors are injected into an ambient plasma jet whereby machine parameters allow for film thickness control.
While the electrical response changes with the growth of different layers, the response monitoring provides a useful feedback for layer thickness control in a multiple layer system.
The easiness for operation, thickness control of magnetic films, and electric field modification of coercive force in an electrolyte condition show great advantages for further applications in spintronics.
Growth conditions were established to provide a step-flow growth mode, which is believed to be important for precise thickness control of the ultrathin (∼1 nm) epilayers of the injector/active QCL regions.
Atomic layer deposition (ALD) has distinguished advantages over others for its precise thickness control, extremely conformal surface coating for nanostructures, large area uniformity, and low growth temperature [19-21] [19-21]
No constraints or filtering techniques are required for the minimum thickness control.
The difference of 0.01 nm, which is as to be 0.14%, is sufficiently small for precise period thickness control of EUV multilayer fabrication.
The facile Co3O4 ALD process allows for excellent film thickness control and very reproducible growth of high quality SWCNTs even from ultrathin, single-digit cycle ALD films.
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