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The estimated costs per prevented birth with Down's syndrome were $C35 215 for sequential screening, $C38 944 for integrated screening, and $C43 809 for the triple test.
Indeed, in selected populations the "triple test" criteria appear to be helpful: a Spanish study [ 14] supports the view that in selected children who are symptomatic and positive for the triple test, CD diagnosis could be established independently of histological findings.
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9 We compared 19 screening algorithms comprised possible screening scenarios resulting from the three screening strategies (integrated test and sequential and contingent screening), different cut-off values for contingent and sequential screenings, the triple test, and maternal age alone.
The "triple test" that relies on only three of the four analytes (AFP, hCG, and uE3) has a sensitivity of ∼65% for DS and 70% for trisomy 18.
The traditional triple test for breast cancer diagnosis includes physical examination, mammography and aspiration cytology.
Initially, the most commonly used method for risk calculation was the second trimester triple test, which combines serum levels for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), unconjugated estriol (uE3), and the free β subunit of human chorion gonadotrophin (fβ-hCG) with maternal age [1], [2].
However, the best test for CD exclusion was the triple negative test which had a significantly lower likelihood ratio than the double negative test reults reported by Vermeersch et al. (p=0.000037).
Stools were examined for Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, and Yersinia species, and for parasites (using the triple feces test [ 21]).
Consequently, more studies are needed to establish the suitability of triple test assessment for diagnostic evaluation of patients presenting with nipple discharge.
A modified triple test for palpable breast masses: the value of ultrasound and core needle biopsy.
Serum samples that reacted with HCoV S protein at a dilution of >1 20 were considered positive for anti-S antibodies when duplicate or triple test was consistent.
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