These results suggest that, both for reliability, sensitivity and for the timing of sampling, the change in proPO mRNA is more useful than the PO activity in monitoring the activation of the proPO non-specific defence system of prawns after treatment with stimulants.
A frame survey divides a river or lake into various strata or zones according to ecological, fishery or social characteristics, identifies sampling locations that are typical of the various strata, and lays down a schedule for the timing of sampling.
Only for ten patients, it was possible to perform a longitudinal determination of EBV-specific antibodies at each time point (of these, 2 patients had 1 relapse between baseline and 3 months and one had 2 relapses between 9 and 12 months and between 18 and 21 months), whereas for the remaining ten patients the timing of sample collection was not sequential and so resulted incomplete.
The timing of sample collection for urine is complex, because each urine sample reflects what was metabolized and excreted since the previous void.
Tissue collections were conducted in September 2005, December 2005, February 2005 , March 2005 , March 2006April 2006, May 2006, and June 2006, spanning the development of leaves and four seasons, as well as overlapping with the timing of sample collection for apoplast proteome analysis.
This variability may have been due to the fact that detection of antigen-specific T cells may be more sensitive to variables of compartmentalization (blood vs. trafficking to tissues) and the timing of sample acquisition for immune response analysis (generally 4 weeks, rather than 2 weeks, after vaccination) may have not been optimal for detecting peak cytotoxic T-cell responses.
We selected the timing of sample collection to account for the specific expression dynamics of the different biomarkers and highly controlled this timing during field work.
Of course, the timing of sample collection may be critical for evaluating these responses.
The timing of sample collection from cases varied widely.
