From a biological perspective, HGT is vital for the origination of new bacterial functions, including virulence, pathogenicity, or antibiotic resistance (Koonin et al. 2001; Gophna et al. 2004; Barlow 2009).
But if new species are identified in the fossil record by morphological changes, then all such changes will occur concomitantly with the origination of new species.
Extreme environmental stress causes extinction but also leads to evolutionary change and the origination of new species adapted to new environments.
In this picture, the origination of new species may be related to variations in the value of the parameters governing the kinetics of evolution (e.g., f 0, which directly determines the value of N∞), resulting in the origination of a new steady state of proteome organization.
(For example, it has been noted that little more than a general A + U richness may suffice for function as a plant polyadenylation signal [ 27, 28]. Thus, it is conceivable that modest sequence variation that alters A + U content may be sufficient for the origination of a new polyadenylation signal).
After the origination of the new sequence, evolution slows down due to the constraints imposed by the conservation of function.
These data provided the first opportunity to examine how one of the most important plant traits – disease resistance – evolved with the origination of a young new gene.
Speciation, or the origination of a new species from a preexisting species, is caused by a prolonged break in genetic exchange (interbreeding) between populations within a species.
The position of a mutation on a given branch marks the origination of a new allele in the population.
For the pure silica particles, a strong peak observed at 301 nm was attributed for the origination of two-fold-coordinated silicon lone-pair centers (≡O Si O≡).
Decompression-driven rifting, especially when associated with georeactor-produced heat channeled from the Earth's core, is the principal basis for the origination of petroleum and gas deposits.
