Exact(2)
The two categories in this dichotomy are (i) the set of items for which knowledge of some mathematical theorem is helpful for solving the item, and (ii) the set of items where it is not.
Figure 5 shows an exemplary item, where the required tractive force for a tackle system shall be computed – for solving the item, it is necessary to understand the distribution of forces on the two rolls.
Similar(58)
For an item to fall into the T category, one of the following two criteria must be met: Either the item is designed in such a way that some theorem presumably known to the student significantly simplifies the task of solving the item, or the item is such that one would expect use of some theorem from the student.
This paper discusses a framework for analyzing the dependence on mathematical theory in test items, that is, a framework for discussing to what extent knowledge of mathematical theory is helpful for the student in solving the item.
Sketch (yes, no): This feature includes both sketches contained in the item formulations, which have to be read, interpreted, and/or understood for correctly solving the items or sketches as part of the respondents' answers.
For an item to fall into the F category, one of the following three criteria must be met: The item contains a formula which the student must use, or The item asks the student to construct a formula, or There is a formula which a typical student would use in solving the item.
The constrained total least squares (CTLS) method calculates the constraint relationships of all error items synthetically, which is suitable for solving the linear optimization problems of associated errors.
The Cognitive Strategy Questionnaire, which comprised of 18 items, was used to assess the student's specific cognitive strategy for solving the given Algebra problems.
For solving the cable problem?
Recommendations for solving the problem.
Offer concrete suggestions for solving the problem.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com