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Both fields were ploughed twice prior planting for weed control as well as for soil preparation.
The use of electromagnetic radiation at a microwave frequency for soil preparation can be an alternative to chemical treatments.
The unit silvicultural costs assumed were 142, 600, and 276 €∙ha−1 (Cao et al. 2010), for soil preparation, sowing, and other silvicultural operations (tending and slashing), respectively.
Whereas our treatment followed the relevant ISO guidelines for soil preparation and storage [21], the comparable study [20] used soil that was dried at 80°C, ground, sieved, and stored at room temperature until required, which could affect the bioavailability of nanoparticles and the effect of soil components significantly.
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Methyl bromide is a broad spectrum pesticide used in the agriculture for fighting a multitude of pests (e.g. used for pre-plant soil preparation), wood construction parts and for phytosanitary demands in shipping and storage [ 2– 4].
Methyl bromide is a fumigant used for pre-planting soil preparation.
Soil preparation for vegetable growing involves many of the usual operations required for other crops.
The OMF compost was spread on the soil surface and then mixed into the soil surface layer during soil preparation for sowing.
Nitric acid, 65% ultrapure, hydrochloric acid, 37% ultrapure, sulfuric acid 98%, ultrapure and ethanol for chromatography (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) were used for soil sample preparation.
It was assumed that soil preparation had been done in the first year for all stands.
For experimental testing program, conducted from 2009 to 2014, in situ specimens were provided along with subgrade soil preparation in order to achieve required geotechnical properties.
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