We searched the literature for studies reporting means and variation in body size for at least one population of a species.
We obtained repeated measures effects sizes for each group for those comparisons reporting means and SDs and used medians and interquartile ranges as the best approximation for those studies missing mean and SDs for drug and placebo.
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Descriptive statistics were carried out for all recorded variables, reporting means, and standard deviations for quantitative variables and distribution frequencies for qualitative variables.
In the case of non-normal distributions although non-parametric tests were used to test for between-group differences, we report means for ease of interpretation.
For continuous outcomes, reported means, standard deviations, and sample sizes were utilized to combine the results into a standardized mean with a 95% calculated confidence interval accounting for possible differences in the measurement points.
The lowest jumps were reported for Local U10s; however, reported means and CIs for VJ heights overlapped across the AFL talent pathway, and thus, VJ performances were largely similar.
In the lower part of Table 1, we report means for those who had for any reason at least one spell of work absence during the observation window.
Elite AFL players had the fastest reported means for 20-m sprint time, with local level players the slowest.
