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The results show that the upper edges of flatbands regions for both types of PPCs cannot be tuned except for plasma frequency.
The numbers next to the curves are the values for plasma frequency in MHz.
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For the first test, we have plotted h'f curves (integer values of plasma frequency) for CPN and BCL, in Fig. 11.
Figure 9a d illustrates the phase velocity as a function of frequency for different values of plasma frequency.
Figure 2 shows the variation of the plasma velocity as a function of the frequency for several values of plasma frequency.
Comparing the URSI and CCIR option for the F2 plasma frequency, foF2, we find that for low solar activity both options agree quite well with the ionosonde foF2 values and overall the CCIR maps show a slightly better fit.
As in Fig. 11, curves for integer plasma frequencies are plotted, using the same colors for the same plasma frequency.
Furthermore, there is a blue shift for the effective plasma frequency of AZO with an increase in thickness, which does not exist with low thickness (< 25 nm) in the infrared region.
In addition, there was a blue shift for the effective plasma frequency of AZO when the thickness increased, and the effective plasma frequency did not exist for AZO ultrathin films (< 25 nm) in the infrared region, which demonstrated that AZO ultrathin films could not be used as a negative index metamaterial.
Open image in new window Open image in new window Fig. 4 Plot of the normalized frequency as a function of the normalized wave number ( k ^ ) for several values of the plasma frequency (ω p ) for a (X bp − X p ), b (O bp − O p ), c (X bp − O p ), d (O bp − X p ).
Open image in new window Open image in new window Fig. 5 Variation of the normalized phase velocity ( v ^ p h ) with frequency (f) for several values of the plasma frequency (ω p ) for a (X bp − X p ), b (O bp − O p ), c (X bp − O p ), d (O bp − X p ).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com