Clinical usefulness should be conceptualized to include the dimension of "personal utility" for individual patients [ 15].
The paper identifies and discusses four areas of interest for the ELSI-debate on personal genome testing: informational problems, risks, regulatory issues, and the notion of personal utility.
The latter part of this argument is an important one, and requires comprehensive review by governmental bodies to prevent exploitation, either by the person who argues personal utility for societal benefit, or the society that may implicitly coerce such a person into pursuing this potential collective benefit at expense of their own autonomy.
The definition may also include personal utility for life planning, encompassing return of information on predispositions to untreatable late-onset conditions.
For example, consumers may find personal utility in knowing their genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease, despite the absence of preventive options.
At each micro-step, an agent maximizes a personal utility function for surrounding network and relative friend behavior.
It will also give BlueSprig some fuel for how it plans to develop personal utility services in the future.
In addition, selective coding of the data, focusing on categories and including behavioral changes, informed consent, and personal utility, was analyzed for themes across the three sets of interviews.
After World War II, the accelerating demand for personal and utility aircraft gave rise to the term general aviation to describe all flying that did not fall into the category of military or scheduled air transport.
