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So one possible reaction to these counterexamples would be to maintain that a probabilistic theory of causation is appropriate for general causation only, and that singular causation requires a distinct philosophical theory.
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For purposes of definiteness, we will use the term 'event' to refer to the relata of singular causation, and 'factor' to refer to the relata of general causation.
However, Eells thought that singular causation was independent of general causation, and offered a separate theory of singular causation in chapter 6 of his (1991).
Some authors have put forward probabilistic theories of singular causation, others have advanced probabilistic theories of general causation.
We have discussed Eells' theory of general causation in Sections 2.6 and 2.7 above.
When discussing various theories below, we will note which are intended as theories of singular causation, and which as theories of general causation.
Cartwright intended her theory as a theory of general causation, or as she put it, of 'causal laws'.
Suggested Readings: The need for distinct theories of singular and general causation is defended in Good (1961, 1962), Sober (1985), and Eells (1991, introduction and chapter 6).
We will refer to the latter kind of causal relation as general causation.
For general anaesthetic.
for general good health.
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