Sentence examples for for functional constraints from inspiring English sources
The next section explains how this is implemented in the vector world and considers the implications for functional constraints.
The overall random distribution of SNPs in HaCaT rDNA promoters makes these SNPs a probe for functional constraints on a DNA sequence (i.e., similar to artificial mutagenesis).
However, there is also support for functional constraints on mammalian genome organization from experimental data.
Their analytic results provide powerful evidence for functional constraints as the driving force of the additions of clustered interacting nodes.
Previous studies have provided evidence for functional constraints on genome organization in prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes [ 23].
For instance, recurrence of particular combinations of morphology and their strong independence of phylogeny are commonly regarded as strong arguments for functional constraints.
The main finding of our study is that there is evidence for functional constraint (i.e., purifying selection) in the coding sequences of PCSK9 through primate evolution.
To test for functional constraint on the genomic region, in which rs35753505 (SNP8NRG221533) is located, cross-species conservation analysis was carried out using the ECR browser (http://ecrbrowser.dcode.org).org
To investigate the evidence for functional constraint on both copies at the DNA sequence level, we calculated Ka (non-synonymous substitution rate)/ Ks ratios between GIF1, OsCIN1 and their homologs in maize, respectively [ 27].
To test for functional constraint (case 1), I used equations 3-5 above to compute E[ΔS] = -1.61 and V[ΔS] = 2.77 for the Bcd matrix, using as the null hypothesis an HKY model with parameters (kappa = 2.26 and total evolutionary distance = 0.36 subs) estimated from an alignment of the entire regulatory region (see Methods).
As putative indicators for differences of functional constraints and expression levels in the rbcL genes, codon usages of two-fold degenerate NNY codons were compared among photosynthetic and colorless Cryptomonas species.
