Exact(8)
The sensitivity was generally low (always below 60%) for fixations and pain, whereas the specificity was higher, significantly so for pain in the mid lumbar area.
Together with the fixation time for extracting information (e.g., 0.4 s for fixations during making tea: [27]; 0.3 s for fixations during comparative visual search: [24]; or 0.2 s for reading: [28]) the time required for a gaze movement and thus for visual acquisition of one piece of information amounts to about one second.
In order to test this hypothesis, we additionally obtained, for each picture, the total distance covered by raw eye-gaze movements (unprocessed for fixations) from one gaze datapoint to another, and the proportion of consecutive eye-gaze movements that were between objects and backgrounds, within objects, and within backgrounds, for every subject.
Each examiner independently evaluated the subjects for fixations, by palpating their cervical spines from C1 to C7 while the subject was in a seated position.
Although Rayner reports slightly longer fixation durations for scene perception (260 330 ms), in another study he and his coauthors presented significantly shorter fixation durations in ad processing (234 ms for fixations on text vs. 251 ms for fixations on pictorials; Rayner, Miller, & Rotello, 2008) that are relatively close to what we find in our study.
Thus, the divergence time may have been to short for a stochastic steady state for fixations to have been reached, resulting in an upward bias in the estimation of α [ 31].
Similar(52)
It relies on the periarticular ring construct for stable fixation of the tibial condyles and monolateral fixator for fixation on the shaft to provide a stable fixation block.
A circular external fixator can be used for fixation in this osteotomy [30].
Offset staples are used for fixation.
In two procedures, an intramedullary nail was used for fixation.
Mostly, we used crossed k-wires for fixation.
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