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For example, cultured cells arrest proliferation and cell division when the culture becomes confluent.
The two forms are relatively stable and tend to resist change; for example, cultured tissues taken from the juvenile parts of ivy plants maintain a higher rate of cell division, and portions, or cuttings, taken from these parts tend to form roots more readily than those from the adult parts.
For example, cultured primary rat hepatocytes demonstrated a dose- and time-dependent histone-acetylation response to ethanol exposure.
These phenotypes are very variable; for example, cultured melanoma cells vary in cell shape and melanization, and express diverse tyrosine kinase receptors, often unlike those of melanocytes (49).
For example, cultured ventral mesencephalic neurons exposed to ziram, a dithiocarbamate widely used as a fungicide, produced inhibition of E1, loss of tyrosine hydroxylase positive neurons, and elevated α-synuclein levels.
For example, cultured human keratinocytes take approximately 60 min of ligand exposure to generate the maximum level of activated Smad2 (Inman et al., 2002).
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For example, DCs cultured on collagen and vitronectin substrates generate higher levels of IL-12p40, whereas DCs cultured on albumin and serum-coated tissue culture-treated substrates produce the higher levels of IL-10 compared to other substrates.
For example, when cultured in suspension, ES cells in identical medium form embryonic bodies, which consist of cells of the three germ layers.
For example, in cultured smooth muscle cells, contractile stimulation triggers vimentin phosphorylation by PAK, resulting in partial disassembly and spatial reorientation of vimentin [75], [76].
For example, LSECs cultured on extra-cellular matrices derived from the liver, bladder or intestine maintained liver-specific characteristics up to 3 days when cultured individually or up to 7 days when co-cultured with primary hepatocytes [24].
For example, when cultured with 1/2 × MIC concentration of thymol, the transcriptional levels of hla, sea, seb and agrA were decreased by 10.2-, 8.6-, 5.2 and 7.2-fold, respectively.
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