Sentence examples for for entry and fusion from inspiring English sources

The viral glycoprotein gD is required for entry and fusion of extracellular virus to cells, but is dispensable for direct cell-to-cell spread in vitro and in vivo [16], [41], [46] [49].

Our findings are in contrast with earlier studies done on coronavirus MHV-A59 where proteolytic cleavage of envelope glycoprotein on virion surface, before binding to its cellular receptor, is necessary for entry and fusion process [18], [21].

The cellular receptors used for herpesviral entry and fusion are often expressed ubiquitously (Table 2) and do not completely explain the targeted cell types.

The E protein mediates both binding of the receptor on the cell surface for viral entry and fusion with the membrane of the host cell [ 38– 40].

Recently, it was shown that the ephrin receptor tyrosine kinase A2 is critical for viral cell entry and fusion with endothelial cells, however not for cell attachment.

Altogether, we have identified at least two amino acid residues which are sensitive to airway protease cleavage in vitro and may be important for in vivo virus entry and fusion.

Additionally, the test could also be used to screen and analyze small molecular compounds for their ability to block HSV-1 and HCMV entry and fusion even in automated large scale screening approaches.

In basic research such an assay system can be used for the assessment of the contribution of viral entry receptors and their ligands to HSV-1 or HCMV entry and fusion, e. g.

Among these proteins, E protein plays an important role in virus receptor-binding, entry and fusion.

HCV entry and fusion are early steps in the life cycle of the virus [58], [59].

In this study, we showed that the Ebola fusion peptide is able to use lipid rafts as a target for virus entry into cells, which could explain why cholesterol-depleted cells have impaired Ebola virus GP-pseudotype-virion entry and fusion [35].