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We show here that the homeodomains encoded by the Ultrabithorax and Deformed homeotic genes bind optimally to distinct DNA sequences and have mapped the determinants responsible for differential recognition.
This rigidity in the trimeric structure may be responsible for differential recognition of the targets.
While this work was being prepared for publication, Kato et al [26] reported that the length of dsRNA is important for differential recognition by RIG-I and mda.5.
The cellular mechanisms responsible for differential recognition and response to RNA sequences with different dinucleotide composition are currently unknown.
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However, evidence of differential recognition of viral PAMPs by RIG-I has begun to emerge recently.
Herein, a simple strategy is explored for the differential recognition of two different anions.
As a new generation of porous materials, metal organic frameworks (MOFs, also known as porous coordination polymers) have shown great promise for gas separation and purification because of their unique pore structures and surfaces for their differential recognition of small gas molecules.
In the ligands featuring sub-optimal amino acids within the last four or five C-terminal ligand positions the individual contributions of upstream residues may become critical, thus allowing for highly differential recognition of such ligands by very similar PDZ domains.
Rv3879c is known to show sequence variation between M. bovis and M. tuberculosis [22], but the immunodominant epitopes do not map to the variable region (data not shown), indicating that this is not the reason for the differential recognition.
The presence of CXCR4 in different glycosylated or partially glycosylated forms might be relevant for the different antigenically distinct conformations of CXCR4 detected on primary cell types [ 23] and for the differential recognition of CXCR4 by HIV-1 isolates based on a more accessible CXCR4 N-terminus.
Several explanations may apply for the differential recognition patterns defined by IFN-γ and IL-17 production: Rv2958c and Rv2962 were tested as overlapping peptides; some peptides may be degraded and therefore not efficiently processed and presented to T-cells; the antigen processing and presentation of peptides may be different as compared to recombinant proteins.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com