G-tests of goodness of fit were used to test for a consistent direction of asymmetry (or lack thereof) in the tarsi and wings of individual birds and to test whether such direction of asymmetry in both tarsus and wings was related to side chosen in trial 2 of experiments 1 and 2. Seven females were in their second year, nine were >3 years and 8 were adults (>1 yr). of indeterminate age.
The founder effect hypothesis was rejected: While it predicts a reduction in phenotypic variance in phenology consistent with that observed, its does not account for the consistent direction of changes in mean phenology (shorter phenology in mountain populations compared to the valley source population) that we observed.
The strategy of using multiple measures and searching for a consistent direction of connectivity changes in AD across the methods has the advantage of increasing knowledge on the behavior, such as sensitivity, specificity, availability, and applicability, of the different measures relative to each other.
Meta-analysis of stage 3 replication data showed nominal replication (p < 0.05) for the same trait in a consistent direction for seven of the 51 selected associations (ESM Table 9).
A log log regression adjusted for age, body mass index (BMI), and alcohol intake showed a negative slope for free T4 (p = 0.01) and positive slope for T3 (p = 0.05), with consistent direction of effect for each plant.
The observational data shows that in these low wind speed conditions, the wind blows in a consistent direction, for significant periods of time, and that truly calm conditions are very infrequent.
Transferability was assessed using the same criteria for replication: the same SNP has a significant association at <img src="http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/asset?id=info?doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0008398.e001.PNG" class= inline-graphic"/> under the same genetic model with a consistent direction for the effect size estimate with respect to the HapMap reference allele [26].
The bias could also be in a consistent direction (for example biasing the predictor toward a lower recurrence risk) or could be unpredictable with no consistent direction.
In another participant (no. 7), serum levels for most of the chemicals decreased, but again, several of the milk concentrations increased, and several chemicals did not change in a consistent direction for both matrices.
At each individual lumbar spinal level, there was a consistent direction for the intervertebral disc height to be smaller among people with greater pain and or disability, compared to those without.
