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These methods, however, involve complications of their own: not only are historical data needed for both outbreak and nonoutbreak conditions of the past against which current trends must be compared, but also the trajectories must be considered.
The distributions of the within-flock R0 estimates for both outbreak periods examined are summarized in Table 2. Our results for Period I showed that mean within-flock R0 did not significantly differ between IPs of different species composition (P > 0.05).
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A multiagency investigation was required for both outbreaks.
Thus, postpasteurization contamination was believed to be the contributing factor for both outbreaks.
For both outbreaks, index case-patients were interviewed to trace others who had eaten these meals.
Over the past two decades, NoV GII.4 strains have been responsible for the majority of both outbreaks and sporadic cases of AGE [ 1].
The known Legionnaires' disease outbreaks in 1999 and 2006 were detected by LRI-clusters, sincluster-signalsals were generated with an increased proportion of patient discharge diagnoses for Legionnaires' disease in both outbreak areas and periods (Table 1, Figure 2a and 3a b) (proportions differed between successive signals: 44 65% in 1999, and 21 63% in 2006; p:<0.0001).
There was no such difference between both outbreak periods for mixed poultry species IPs and for duck IPs with flock sizes above 500 head of poultry (P > 0.05).
For both larger outbreak simulation scenarios, the 14-day HMM also had significantly greater CAUC0 0.1 than the 28-day HMM (both p ≤ 0.002).
For both larger outbreak simulation scenarios, the 14-day HMM had significantly greater CAUC0 0.1 than the 14-day NBC (both p ≤ 0.001), and the 7-day HMM had significantly greater AUC0 0.1 than the 7-day NBC (p ≤ 0.0008).
For both larger outbreak simulation scenarios, the 14-day HMM also had significantly greater AUC0 0.1 than the 28-day HMM (both p ≤ 0.0009), and the 7-day HMM had significantly greater AUC0 0.1 than the 28-day HMM for the larger less clustered scenario (p = 0.0004) but not the larger more clustered scenario after adjustment for multiple testing (p = 0.005).
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