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Retrospective patient record studies still represent the "gold-standard" method for assessing incidence and monitoring the frequency of AEs [ 13, 20, 31, 32] and the use of similar methods to those used elsewhere allows comparisons to be made.
Database studies are less time- and cost-consuming for assessing incidence rates; however these studies are subject to bias related to the completeness of the database and inference to the general population.
Clearly, the under-reporting of common comorbidities has implications for researchers using hospital discharge data as the sole source for assessing incidence, procedures, health outcomes and patient comorbidity as our study and others have identified that case ascertainment is likely to be incomplete.
At the population level, the right population for assessing incidence of occupational asthma is adult population that has ever been at work, as occupational asthma may be detected even after the person has quit his/her job, although in such a case the relevant time-period at risk may be limited to a few years.
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Different criteria are required to assess the quality of the studies and potential for bias compared to assessing incidence of disease as was discussed earlier.
Similarly, Ernster et al. assessed incidence data for oropharyngeal cancer from 1980 to 1990 compared to 1991 2001 for Colorado and the United States via the Colorado Central Cancer Registry and the SEER program, respectively.
All four assessors (JB, MVR, PB, PVD) had an adequate understanding of the methods used for assessing the incidence of symptomatic RV infections (see before), and MVR is an expert in laboratory techniques used to identify rotaviruses.
In addition to being important from a clinical trial perspective for assessing HIV incidence and retention, the feasibility studies provided space for the development of innovative approaches to collecting sensitive information and the opportunity to integrate these into a coherent methodological whole.
For assessing the incidence of occupational asthma, the denominator should be person-years at risk of getting occupational asthma in the population for which the occurrence is assessed.
A limitation of cohort studies for assessing the incidence of acquired drug resistance is that a number of included patients in the cohort may die.
Administrative coding data has been used for assessing AKI incidence, and shows an increasing proportion of hospital bed days attributable to AKI.
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