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If you want to share the driving with someone else, you may have to pay a fee for additional drivers.
Online searches tend to produce low-cost deals that charge a small fortune for additional drivers, for those under 25, or for taking one-way rentals.
Note: Minimum age requirements may be different for additional drivers.
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Cancers were more likely to have evolved a mutator phenotype when selection for additional driver mutations was moderate s d ∼0.01; strong selection for additional driver mutations suppressed the evolution of a mutator phenotype (Fig. 4A).
When selection for additional driver mutations is moderate, cells carrying mutator gene mutations are not outcompeted so rapidly, and so a mutator phenotype can evolve.
Being able to develop a mutator phenotype accelerated tumorigenesis (Fig. 4B), although the accelerating effect was reduced when selection for additional driver mutations was strong.
Deleterious mutations have relatively little effect on the evolution of genetic instability unless selection for additional driver mutations is very weak or if deleterious mutations are very common.
Strong selection for additional driver mutations reduced the pseudo-plateau levels of genetic diversity, whilst higher mutation rates increased the pseudo-plateau level of diversity.
However, the relative increase in efficiency of tumorigenesis due to an elevated mutation rate was reduced by strong selection for additional driver mutations (Fig. 3A).
When selection for additional driver mutations is very weak, intratumour clone dynamics are driven nearly entirely by drift (not clonal selection).
Whilst this was the case when selection for additional driver mutations was very weak, or if deleterious mutations were very common, moderate to strong selection for driver mutations caused cells that had acquired deleterious mutations to be rapidly outcompeted and removed from the tumour, particularly in the case where driver and housekeeper loci were of equal abundance.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com