In clinical trials already underway, for example, researchers have used an older gene-editing technique, enzymes call zinc finger nucleases, in immune cells to deactivate the gene for CCR5, a surface protein that HIV latches onto in order to infect cells.
To further characterize the ovine SP-Cpos/CCSPpos cells, we first performed positive selection for CD34 expression, a surface protein widely described on various stem cells and present on ovine hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells [ 23].
Ma of the United Medical and Dental Schools in London and his colleagues created tobacco plants that carry the gene for an antibody to a surface protein of the major tooth-rotting bacterium Streptococcus mutans.
OmpA is a surface protein essential for the structural integrity of the cell envelope and as expected, is widely found in Gram-negative bacteria.
MHC class I-negative lymphoma cells (Daudi) were labelled with a biotinylated mAb specific for a cell surface protein (anti-CD20) then linked to soluble biotinylated HLA-A2/gag complexes using an avidin bridge.
In 2003, researchers linked WHIM to a gene called CXCR4, which codes for a cell surface protein that immune cells use to recognize chemical messengers called chemokines.
The vaccine developed by the Public Health Agency of Canada's National Microbiology Laboratory and now backed by pharmaceutical giant Merck was made by stitching a gene coding for an Ebola surface protein into the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), a relative of rabies that infects cattle, horses, and pigs.
The vip gene encodes for an LPXTG surface protein Vip, which is anchored to the peptidoglycan layer of Listeria cell wall by sortase A and interacts with Gp96 of the host cell surface during invasion.
This OspA (for outer surface protein A) was frequently spotted by immune cells from treatment-resistant patients but recognized only uncommonly by cells from those whose arthritis responded to treatment.
