The Court recognized that while states like New York have studied the effectiveness and predictive accuracy of COMPAS scores and found them "satisfactory," Wisconsin had not completed a statistical validation study for COMPAS for its population.
Although this method seems to be the most robust for the evaluation of brain tumors, a statistical validation has not been provided [ 38].
The current system for establishing prerequisites is a complex statistical validation for each pair of courses (the college course and the proposed prerequisite course) to demonstrate with historical data that the prerequisite course increases a student's chances of passing the college course.
First, we were not able to split our data set into a training data set and a test data set for statistical validation because of the small number of patients, which we hope to validate in future studies, or from other centers.
A minimum fold-change of 1.5 (p-value ≤ 0.05) between groups was established as a cut-off criterion for statistical validation.
Each hybridization for a particular condition tested was repeated three times for statistical validation.
Procedures for internal statistical validation (such as leave-one-out, y-scrambling etc) and external validation (employing a set of compounds not used for the model development) have been proposed.
For phosphoproteomics, statistical validation is of great importance in comparison to the wider field of proteomics, given that each phosphorylation is defined, typically, by a single MS/MS spectrum.
Mascot outputs were also submitted to ProteinProphet [ 37, 38], part of the Trans-Proteomic Pipeline [ 39], used for the statistical validation of protein identifications.
Moreover, except for the statistical validation procedure, all the other algorithms are standard and have been used in published microarray papers.
