Sentence examples for for a second signal from inspiring English sources

GUN1 is, therefore, required for a second signal that is triggered by defects in plastid gene expression (PGE).

Thus, C57BL/6 or BALB/c mice that consumed 20percentt ethanol in water for up to 6 months showed a greater frequency of activated T cells, increased rapid IFN-γ response, and heightened sensitivity to low levels of TCR stimulation, with no requirement for a second signal (Song et al. 2002; Zhang and Meadows 2005).

We found evidence of a second signal for 118 (∼9%) probes (113 separate loci), based on P< 1 × 10−6 (approximate FDR ∼1%).

8 Coincidental factors may involve the generation of a second signal required for immune (T cell) activation from interaction of a drug and/or its metabolites with a second immune-pathway target or from other exogenous factors (e.g., infection or another drug) that primes or augments the immune response.

We argued that for Pex3 to reach peroxisomes efficiently, it will need a signal for its targeting and insertion into the ER membrane and then a second signal for its segregation away from the secretory pathway to the pER.

Nearly all CD4 T-cells of healthy, normal individuals express CD28, a co-stimulatory molecule that provides a "second signal" for activation of naïve CD4 lymphocytes.

Cognate interactions of T-cell CD28 with ligands (e.g., CD80 and CD86) provide a "second signal" for lymphocyte activation, in conjunction with the primary signals mediated by TCR engagements with antigen-MHC complexes.

These costimulatory molecules provide a second signal for T-cell activation in addition to MHC/peptide complexes presented on the surface of mature DCs [ 66].

A second signal for survival is proposed to be provided only to cells in direct contact with the surrounding basal membrane.

Naïve T cells have stringent requirements for activation and depend on a second signal, which is generally contributed by professional APCs in secondary lymphoid organs.

Another possibility is that the actual progress of beta cell replication needs, in addition to cell-cycle control in other cell types, a second signal for growth, which comes at a later time point.