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There was no need for a random effect of time or for an interaction between time and treatment for any of the five outcomes.
The model accounted for fixed effects of the sequences, periods, and settings, as well as for a random effect of subjects within sequences with an unstructured covariance matrix to allow estimation of different variance components for each setting.
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Including this term allowed us to differentiate between the variance accounted for in judgments specific to a fixed effect of distance and the variance accounted for in judgments specific to a random effect of person.
A generalised linear mixed model with logit link, and accounting for herd-level variation by including a random effect of herd, was used to study the individual animal risk for RB.
This interference, which potentially increased ADG and decreased mortality in litters supplying piglets for diagnostic purposes, was addressed by inserting a random effect of litter in the statistical models.
As a sensitivity analysis, however, we allowed for a possible random effect of trial by making the trial a cluster and estimating robust standard errors.
The model assumed a fixed effect for the influence of PROMs feedback and a random effect for the influence of surgeon-level characteristics on the postoperative OHS.
Item-level missing data were treated as a random effect for each of the measures and an additional pattern analysis conducted, to identify patterns of missing data.
The handling of item-level missing data is a focus of statistical consideration in clinical trial analyses; in this study, item-level missing data were treated as a random effect for each of the measures and an additional pattern analysis was conducted, to account for this effect.
To partly control variation in stress levels across different time periods, we used a random effect for day of the year in regression models.
Subsequently, to take into account possible clustering (of patients from different deprivation groups and with different treatment patterns within different hospitals of diagnosis) we used multilevel mixed effects logistic regression models with a random effect for hospital of diagnosis.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com