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The food-based intervention was completed by 19 women and increased mean vitamin E intake: food diary data, 7.13 mg/day (95% confidence interval: 5.63 to 18.6) to 17.4 mg/day (95% confidence interval: 14.4 to 20.5) (P<0.001).
Judging by weighed food diary data, compliance with the oat-based diet was excellent.
Processing of the food diary data was done by trained coders and editors.
The strengths of this study include the use of prospective food diary data.
The distribution of participants across the categories of alcohol intake differed in the FFQ and food diary data.
Average daily food and nutrient intakes were derived from the food diary data by the NDNS-RP team.
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To the best of our knowledge this is the first study of dairy intake and type 2 diabetes to make use of prospective food diary intake data, while past research has used retrospective FFQ data.
However, there are potential limitations regarding the accuracy of the food diaries, as data were collected over 48 h only and were self-reported.
Lesser-used methods included 24-hour dietary recall, seven-day diet recall, food diary, worksite canteen sales data, and weighed measurement of worksite lunches.
There are several unique strengths of our study, including the large sample size, prospective study design, use of a 7-day prospective food diary with disaggregated F&V data, thorough assessment of new cases of T2D with self-report information supplemented by external sources, and comprehensive information on covariates, thus minimizing sources of bias and confounding.
The iPhone app reads the bar code on food packages and draws from a database to enter the nutritional data into your food diary.
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