Fewer than 8% of a cohort of metformin users were diagnosed with cancer during a maximum of 10 years of follow-up, compared with 11% of a comparator cohort of nonusers.
Cancer was diagnosed among 297 (7.3%) of the metformin users during follow-up, compared with 474 (11.6%) of the comparators.
Both meta-analyses reported significant heterogeneity among the trials of allopurinol in terms of design, duration of follow-up, and comparators used.
Despite differences in follow-up time and comparator, observed event rates for HF, MI and stroke in our study were consistent with those reported by Best et al. [ 22, 23].
Given significant heterogeneity in duration of follow-up and study comparators, only trials greater than 3 months comparing allopurinol and inactive control were meta-analyzed using random effects models.
Many studies showed that most active treatments reduced the size of lymphatic limbs, although extensive study heterogeneity in areas such as length of follow-up, treatment protocols, comparators, and outcome measures prevented us from assessing whether any one treatment was superior.
A priori subgroup analyses (see Table S1 of the supplementary material, available at http://www.journals.cambridge.org/bjn) showed significant effect modification by diabetes status, comparator, follow-up, fructose form and MQS for fasting glucose; and comparator and fructose form for fasting insulin.
One-year mortality rate is defined as the proportion of patients who died (all causes) during 1-year follow-up for intervention and comparator groups.
Terminating person-time in comparators at the matched PC patient's death or loss to follow-up resulted in comparable person-time up to 30 months of follow-up and lower person-time among comparators thereafter.
Mortality and CKD outcomes were presented separately, reporting study characteristics, population, exposure, comparators, follow-up and measure of outcome.
