Following the frame structure of cellular systems composed of successive downlink and uplink frames, BSs are to be synchronized out-of-phase with UTs.
In short, they seem to be synchronized.
DATA frame is demodulated as follows: the synchronized data signals are transformed into received symbols in frequency domain using FFT.
Calcium ionophore treatments were carried out as follows: highly synchronized P. falciparum cultures were treated with 5 μM of calcium ionophores, ionomycin and A23187 (Sigma) at the schizont stage for 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, and 6 hours.
An additional early event was the entry of ERK into mitochondria, followed by an exit synchronized with the translocation to the nucleus (Fig. 1, A F and Movie S1).
In contrast, colonies transferred to the constant dark treatment initially showed a prolonged period of expanded and partially expanded polyps, followed by a less synchronized and longer cycle of polyp contraction and expansion (Figure 4C).
Erythrocytes infected with ring stages were synchronized twice followed by pretreatment with high trypsin and neuraminidase to prevent reinvasion into these erythrocytes.
Except where noted, feeding RNAi was performed in L1 larvae, which were synchronized as follows: gravid adults grown at 20° were treated with a hypochlorite solution for 4 5 min. Embryos were washed five times with M9 and then allowed to hatch in M9 for 16 30 hr at 20° with gentle agitation.
After 16 h of transfection, cells were synchronized at prometaphase, followed by release in the presence of CHX.
To further investigate if Spy1-TST expression leads to unique activation of Cdk1, cells overexpressing Spy1-WT or Spy1-TST were synchronized in prometaphase followed by immunoprecipitation with Cdk1 antibody and subject to an in vitro kinase assay.
F2 larvae were synchronized by hypochlorite treatment followed by hatching overnight in M9 buffer.
