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This paper presents a geographic information systems (GIS) model to relate biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) isoprene emissions to ecosystem type, as well as environmental drivers such as light intensity, temperature, landscape factor and foliar density.
During the winter (June September) estimated emissions were <10 mg C m−2 d−1, with peak emissions (ranging between 20 and 80 mg C m−2 d−1) occurring during the summer months (December March) when foliar density peaked.
However, existing relationships for how reductions in canopy cover translate into changes in incoming near-ground solar radiation do not account for the ways in which fire, die-off, and thinning differentially alter either or both the foliar and woody components of canopy architecture and the degree to which such alterations depend on foliar density.
Cohorts were grown at a foliar density of approximately nine plants per square meter.
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Zn nutritional status in plant leaves was monitored and corrected by foliar spray applications to maintain a Zn-sufficiency condition equivalent to a foliar concentration of 45 55 ppm.
The database used contains latest land and forest distributions, updated foliar biomass densities, leaf area indices (LAI), and plant as well as chemical compound-specific emission potentials, if available.
She notes the current focus of the zone mapping is on nitrogen management, but this zone-management approach can be expanded to other nutrients, manure application method and tillage decisions, variety selection, population densities, foliar applications, and other production considerations.
7) Foliar nutrition concentration varied with season.
Two field experiments were conducted during the two growing summer seasons of 2013 and 2014, at the experimental farm of vegetables at Kaha, Qalyubia Governorate, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Egypt, in order to investigate the effect of seed size, plant density and foliar application with some algae extracts on growth and seed yield of snap bean cv.
Plant biomass, plant density, and foliar cover significantly increased with treatment rates in the first and fourth growing seasons but decreased over time.
In particular, canopy or crop architecture traits that reduce the effective density of foliar tissue or alter the microclimate unfavourable for the pathogen have potential to slow or inhibit pathogen transmission and growth (Ando et al. 2007; Andrivon et al. 2013), possibly in ways that may be difficult to evolve counter adaptations against.
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