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Low carbon steel foil specimen was plasma carburized in methane/hydrogen mixed gas.
It is shown that applying a temperature gradient along the FSMA foil specimen results in the formation and propagation of a martensite austenite phase boundary from the hot to the cold side, allowing for reproducible strain temperature characteristics.
An in situ technique for studying the effect of a pulsed electromagnetic field on dendrite fragmentation behavior based on synchrotron X-ray imaging has been developed, involving the passage of an oscillating current through a foil specimen placed in a static magnetic field.
Therefore, the crystal size of the polished Cu foil specimen is the same as that of the unpolished Cu foil specimen.
Therefore, the polishing put a pre-stress in the Cu foil specimen.
(a) AFM three-dimensional topography image of the unpolished Cu foil specimen.
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Room temperature anodization of titanium foil specimens was carried out in 0.5 M phosphoric acid solution with addition of various halide ions.
Anodic oxidation of aluminum foil specimens in the phosphoric acid solutions of various concentrations was studied under the galvanostatic conditions at various current densities.
Transmission electron microscopy analysis with thin foil specimens was carried out to investigate the phase composition of non-metallic inclusions and the local variation of chemical composition around the inclusions.
Focused Ion Beam (FIB) technique was used to make thin foil specimens for characterization of precipitates.
Firstly, Cu foil specimens were put into diluted hydrochloric acid to get rid of the surface oxide on the specimens.
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