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This paper explores the long-standing interest in the introduction of fodder legumes as an essential component of mixed farming systems in Africa.
Without such an approach the 'logic of fodder legumes' will continue to limit the contribution that agricultural research can make in Africa.
The central argument is that because of certain biological characteristics and their association with historic changes in European agricultural, fodder legumes have become endowed with a mantle of absolute goodness.
However, while the screening of fodder legumes has been an important theme in agricultural research for over 70 yr, the actual level of use by farmers and livestock keepers in Africa is still insignificant.
We addressed this issue within the Lebna watershed (210 km² size, located on the Cap Bon Peninsula in Tunisia), which is typified by a hilly topography, rainfed mixed farming (cereals, fodder, legumes, spices) and livestock (cattle, sheep and goat), and strong farmland fragmentation.
Improved cows require quality fodder (legumes) and higher amounts of concentrates for an economically viable performance.
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In East Africa, for example, clever agro-ecological research conducted over 15 years revealed that growing selected fodder, legume and grass species in combination with staple maize and sorghum crops permitted control of two serious pests that plague these crops.
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is an important food and fodder legume of the semiarid tropics and subtropics worldwide, especially in sub-Saharan Africa.
That the use of high protein fodders, especially legumes, in cropping systems should be encouraged to provide supplementation of crop residues and natural pastures, thereby increasing productivity and the overall use of available on-farm biomass.
In the early years of KGR, livestock production inputs such as a farmer service centre, boreholes, health services and legume fodder banks were provided by the International Livestock Centre for Africa (ILCA) (Kaufmann et al. [1986]).
(2n = 2x = 22), an important annual grain legume, fodder and vegetable crop in many tropical/subtropical regions of the world, is a diploid species belonging to the Phaseoleae with an estimated genome size of ∼630 Mb [1].
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