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In contrast to the focussing of the normal (emmetropic) eye, in which the image of the visual field is focussed on the retina, the image may be focussed in front of the retina (nearsightedness, or myopia), or behind the retina (farsightedness or hyperopia).
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Light is then focused in front of the retina instead of precisely on to it, making distant objects look blurry.
Distant objects cannot be seen sharply because light entering the eye is focused in front of the retina.
Over the course of my life, I've taught myself to stay focused in front of my computer.
Because there is a longer distance between the cornea (the clear "window" that covers the front of the eye) and the retina (the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye), images tend to focus in front of the retina, rather than on the retina itself.
"We focused in front of a big crowd tonight, and that [big crowd] is something we really haven't had.
As game time approached the crowd focused in front of the barricades, some sat in front of the police, and as expected, right when referees whistled the start of the game, the tear gas and rubber bullets popped I was immediately struck by a rubber bullet in the calf and could not keep pace with the retreating crowd and resisted, kicking the tear-gas grenades back, hurling stones and molotovs.
Myopia, or short-sightedness, is caused by the inappropriate growth of the eyeball in its sagittal dimension, leading to the light being focused in front of the retina.
Even-order aberrations, such as spherical aberration, give an odd-error, i.e. directional cue, as they result in the point spread function (PSF) being different depending on whether an image is focused in front of or behind the retina.
The condition results from axial elongation of the eye, primarily in the posterior segment, which causes images to focus in front of the retina instead of directly on it.
Axial elongation of the posterior chamber of the eye is the phenotypic hallmark of myopia and causes images to focus in front of the retina (McBrien and Gentle 2003; Morgan et al., 2012).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com