For the analysis presented in this study, the ethanol feedstock types are aggregated to E85 from a biomass feedstock to focus on willingness to pay for emission reductions.
These questions focused on willingness to remain at work, the types and sources of information that influenced the decision to work or not work, and actions regarding families and loved ones.
While this paper focuses on willingness and ability to provide quantitative WTP estimates for traffic-related health effects of air pollution and noise, it allows (un-weighted) WTP values for individual single health effects to be compared to similar results from multi-country CV studies on air pollution or noise.
In contrast to the prevailing notion of value focusing on actors' willingness to pay for a ready-made product or service, the value of a digitized product or service is – according to the S-D logic – a result or function of the value being created while it is used.
Despite an overall acceleration of survey-based research on willingness to respond in recent years, studies focusing on hospital providers' willingness to report to work in an influenza pandemic have not followed clear theoretical frameworks to analyze the key causes for this behavior [ 5, 7, 12- 16].
Design: A postal questionnaire consisting of questions on background data and doctors' opinions about plain lumbar spine radiographic examinations, as well as eight vignettes (imaginary patient cases) presenting indications for lumbar radiography, and five vignettes focusing on the doctors' willingness to request lumbar radiography on the basis of patients' age and duration of symptoms.
In addition, there were personal and perceived stigma measures focusing on emotional/rejection responses, willingness to help, and disclosure concerns [ 44, 48, 57, 61, 86, 98, 124].
The world needs to avoid distractions, like settlements and border details, and focus on Arab willingness to live in peace.
It's common for entrepreneurs to focus on their willingness to take risks – often big risks – in pursuit of their vision.
