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The policy focus on import substitution also meant the relative neglect of plantation agriculture, which, nevertheless, had to carry a heavy burden of taxation.
In the mid-1980s trade policy shifted from a historical focus on import substitution to a more recent emphasis on exports.
Although India opened the first export processing zone (EPZ) in Asia in 1965, the FDI policy of the country at that time was highly restrictive, and industrialization was controlled by protected domestic sectors with a focus on import substitution strategy.
The development in both countries typically began with a focus on import substitution industries, soon to be followed by building capacity in exporting industries, often accompanied by large export subsidies.
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In an interview, Mr. Dorgan said, "We are narrowing the bill this year to focus on imports from Canada as a first step".
By 2007, it had closed all the plants in Bassett and decided to focus on importing wood products from lower-wage factories in China, Vietnam, and Indonesia.
Narrato describes itself as a digital journal, with a similar focus on importing data from all your apps, while OptimizeMe captures data, then helps you analyse it for correlations between, say, activity levels and stress.
Likewise, the impasse over a long-term gas supply agreement is of no particular consequence, given Beijing's increasing focus on imports of LNG and pipeline gas from Central Asia, and its intention to develop China's vast shale gas reserves.
As a result, he decided to focus on importing food packaging.
People tend to focus on imports from China, but according to the U.S. Census Bureau, China has been the third largest consumer of U.S. exports so far in 2012 (behind only Canada and Mexico).
As a result, approaches focus on importing heterologous pathways, and subsequently removing intracellular flux bottlenecks by replacing low capacity enzymes with overexpressed or optimized versions [ 28, 79].
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