The focal depths ranged from 2 to 7, 5 to 10, 8 to 13, and 11 to 16 km in the first, second, third, and fourth groups, respectively (Table 1), which include 147, 327, 317, and 142 focal mechanisms, respectively.
Although the larger transverse spot size decreases the transverse resolution compared to the retinal imaging mode described in section 3.1, the longer focal depth and long imaging range enables visualization of the posterior lens, vitreous and retina.
At short epicentral distances compared with the focal depth, systematic errors reach a level depending on the focal depth.
These focal depths in the range of 10 20 km are consistent with the focal depths of aftershocks beneath the trench determined using OBS observations (Obana et al., 2012).
The focal depth of the selected earthquakes ranges from 0 to 100 km, and the minimum magnitude threshold is 2.5 and 0.0 for events shallower and deeper than 30 km, respectively.
Numerical results show when an appropriate rotational symmetric polarization pupil mask is used as an apodizer in the optical imaging system, it not only can effectively achieve the continuously focal shift in a small range and extend focal depth of the optimized system, but also can evidently increase the transverse resolution of the optimized system at the genuine focal plane.
For the 4 kHz probe, the beam diameter at the output of the CLS was about 8 mm, the transverse resolution at the focal point was 15 μm, the confocal parameter was 260 μm, and the beam diameter at the position apart from the focal point by 2 mm, (half the depth range), was 230 μm.
Experimental methods for the determination of macromolecular diffusivity, as fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) or single particle tracking (SPT) determine diffusion on the basis of apparent mobility within the focal depth, about 600 nm thick, which is in the range of the thickness of a single mitochondrion.
Doppler machine settings (transducer aperture size, focal depth, beam-steering, gain) were varied to investigate a wide range of clinical applications.
We use the 177 NIED F-net aftershock focal mechanisms between 11 and 31 March 2011; all are M ≥ 3.5 events within the depth range of 0 80 km, bounded by 34.5– 41.0°N latitude and 137 145°E longitude (Fig. 1(a)).
