Model results were shown to be accurate when compared to published data from a dam-break experiment in a 21 m flume and from velocity and depth measurements along a 400 m river reach in Idaho.
The Poiseuille friction model gave the best results both on the flux at the outlet and the velocity and depth profile along the flume.
The mean wake of a three-bladed horizontal axis tidal stream turbine operating at maximum power coefficient has been investigated experimentally in a wide flume with width 11 times the depth, providing minimal restriction to transverse wake development and behaviour of large-scale horizontal turbulence structures.
An appropriate critical-depth measuring device should match the flume to approach channel conditions to provide a suitable Froude number in the approach channel to pass the sediment and for producing a stable and readable water surface at the gauging station.
In the experiment of Fujii et al. (2009), a harbor with 6.0 m length × 6.0 m width was set on the sediment bed in a wide flume (58 m length, 20 m width, 1.6 m depth), as shown in Fig. 3.
The damping performance of the mangrove forest was determined from laboratory tests performed synchronously in a twin-wave flumes (with and without the forest model in 1 and 2 m-wide wave flumes, respectively) for varying incident height of solitary wave, water depth and forest width.
Soil materials were filled into the flumes at a bulk density of 1.2 g cm−3 to a depth of 20 cm to form rills for experiments on five slope gradients (5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, and 25°) and three flow rates (2, 4, and 8 L/min).
A laboratory experimental platform was used to construct flumes to simulate rills with 12.0 m length, 0.1 m width, and 0.3 m depth.
Physical model investigations were carried out in a wave flume to assess the variation of the wave forces on a submarine pipeline for different depths of burial.
The effect of water depth, incident wave height and forest width on the solitary wave evolution modes observed in the 2 m-wide flume is illustrated in Fig. 9.
