Exact(10)
The design of flexible structures undergoing aeroelastic deformations is a challenging task, in particular if the prediction of the fluid loads and the evaluation of the aerodynamic performance criteria require accounting for laminar and turbulent effects.
The presented BESO method aims to minimize structural compliance in a so called "wet" optimization problem, in which the fluid loads location, direction and magnitude depend on the structural layout.
The vortex-induced vibration equation of a casing pipe was set up with considering the beam mode and Morison's nonlinear fluid loads as well as the vortex-excited loads.
In order to reach a high modularity, two powerful codes one of them highly adapted to flow simulation and the other one to structural dynamics—run simultaneously and exchange fluid loads and displacements within each fluid-structure iteration.
Using the inextensibility condition for the cantilevered nonlinear plate equation of motion and the unsteady lumped-vortex model to calculate the fluid loads, a flutter boundary has been obtained.
LV afterload was normalised at fluid loads ≥ 20 mL/kg (p values ≥ 0.944) and at norepinephrine infusion rates ≥ 0.03 μg/kg/min (p values ≥ 0.306).
Similar(50)
Fluid loading is included.
Low fluid loading is also assumed.
Fluid loading and acoustic radiation are considered.
The findings, the authors said, do not support "aggressive fluid loading," which can cause side effects.
This formulation takes into account the effects of fluid loading.
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