Figure 1 shows that deficits were found in all mild cognitive impairment transcripts: 11 of 15 patients showed impairment in syntactic complexity and semantic content that was also observed as disease progressed to the early Alzheimer's disease stage; six showed impairments in speech production and four in fluency errors, whereas only two patients showed changes in lexical content.
This test is designed to assess the language abilities in 6- to 12-year-old children from 4 aspects: receptive language, expressive language, voice and fluency, and articulation/tone error pattern (see the appendices of Wu et al. [ 32] for details about the test) [ 30].
After the interval Ryan finished off a driving maul as Leinster finally found some fluency in an error-ridden game.
But the French side were short of their usual fluency, and basic errors prevented them converting territory into points.
For the behavioral measures, total fluency scores and total error scores were analyzed using separate 2-way mixed design ANOVAs with the fixed effects of Group (high and low hostile) and with the repeated measures of Condition (verbal and nonverbal stressors).
The fluency was gone, unforced errors proliferated.
Neuropsychological test scores: only D-KEFS category fluency; not RBMT, NART errors, WMS-III word list total recall, Graded Naming Test score, Pyramids & Palm Tree semantic knowledge score or D-KEFS letter fluency.
Regarding participants' performance on verbal cognitive tests, the dementia group generated a lower number of evoked words in the semantic fluency task, made more errors in naming pictures of objects, and showed inferior verbal comprehension performance compared to the predementia group.
At the same time, self-reported measures of speaking fluency typically suffer from measurement error, which leads to biased OLS and QR estimates.
Direct competition may also be shown to cause individuals reporting an expressive A.O. style reduced efficiency in verbal fluency, as measured by perseverative errors.
