Publications such as Time are still throwing around terms like "cognitive impairment"; STAT, a science-news outlet, has analyzed interviews of Trump, going back to the nineteen-eighties, and notes a "striking" deterioration in the "fluency, complexity, and vocabulary level" of his unscripted remarks.
Their essays were analyzed in terms of linguistic fluency, complexity, accuracy, and overall quality to examine if there were any significant between-group differences that could be taken as evidence of reactivity.
Quantitative measures of writing fluency, grammatical complexity, and lexical complexity are statistically compared among five pre-task planning conditions.
This type of planning results in an improvement of fluency and complexity, however, it does not necessarily have a positive influence on accurate language use.
These studies show that when students are afforded the opportunity to formulate their ideas and have some forethought and preparation, they can direct their attention to fluency and complexity and show an improvement on these two dimensions of language performance.
By contrast, the opportunity for online (within-task) planning will contribute to the formulating, monitoring and revising processes and it is more likely to prioritize accuracy over fluency and complexity.
A number of analytic detailed measures were employed to examine whether there were any differences in the participants' performances elicited by the different tasks in terms of their accuracy, fluency, syntactic complexity and lexical diversity.
Skehan's theoretical framework views limitations in attention as fundamental to second language speech performance, which entails a need to analyze what attentional and working-memory demands a task makes and the consequences this may have for different language performance dimensions often referred to as accuracy, fluency, and complexity.
An in-depth analysis of learner oral linguistic performance on two different task types, i.e., group interaction and individual presentation, from 30 ESL secondary school students, was conducted using a wide range of linguistic measures of accuracy, fluency and complexity derived from previous L2 speaking studies.
In his teens, the budding master of bebop memorised Lester's solos, before bursting on the scene with a style of boggling complexity and fluency which virtually created modern jazz.
Their writings were then graded and analysed in terms of complexity, accuracy, fluency, and lexical variety.
