Exact(6)
The others lacked technical skills, English fluency, ability to work in teams or presentation skills.
Health literacy (HL) is a measure of multiple domains including: reading fluency, ability to locate and use information and do simple mathematical tasks.
The verbal comprehension index is a measure of general verbal skills, such as verbal fluency, ability to understand and use verbal reasoning, and verbal knowledge.
Consequently, we were able to test the effect of differential semantic and phonemic fluency ability on gray matter using a fully balanced factorial design that independently manipulated language (L1 vs. L2) and semantic category (animals vs. fruits).
In this analysis, we modeled the effects of fluency in L1 and L2 separately and included the scores from Raven's matrices as an additional regressor to control for general cognitive effects that are known to be correlated with overall fluency ability.
In addition, we show that these effects were observed irrespective of whether participants were tested in their L1 or L2 with the only differential effect of language observed in bilateral head of caudate where the effect of phonemic versus semantic fluency ability was greater in L2 than L1.
Similar(54)
PCA of the behavioural data from 31 patients with chronic post-stroke aphasia resulted in four statistically-independent behavioural components reflecting phonological, semantic, executive cognitive and fluency abilities.
Future studies with younger monolingual participants may find that differential abilities on phonemic and semantic fluency abilities are more consistent with the functional imaging findings.
A second novel feature in our design was that we tested semantic and phonemic fluency abilities in participants who were proficient in speaking at least 2 different languages.
The CERAD tests cover general cognition, confrontational naming, semantic fluency, constructional ability and new learning ability.
But I was certain that it would be in Bra that I would achieve my coveted fluency, the ability to pass in the country that three sets of my great-grandparents jumped ship from in the early 1900s.
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