The fluctuations of the sample points on the PC scatter plot within a population should not be confused with the random variation of marker data between individuals within a population.
Based on our theoretical consideration and simulations, we have investigated the factors that affect the within-population fluctuations of the sample eigenvectors (as obtained from the Eigenstrat method) around the axes of variation.
In this paper, a methodology is proposed to weight data pairs in order to compensate for redundancies between clustered data values and to minimize the fluctuation variance of the sample variogram.
It has also been proven that the resistance fluctuation of the film samples also results in the variation of noise parameter when the measurement temperature changed dramatically.
It demonstrated that the resistance fluctuation of the film samples also resulted in the variation of noise parameter when the measurement temperature changed dramatically.
Fluctuation is determined by subtracting the value of the expression of a miRNA in a given sample from the mean expression of that miRNA for all samples; the overall mean of the expression of all miRNAs in all samples can be subtracted from the sample means to determine the fluctuation of a sample mean.
Figure 4 shows the plot of the fluctuation of the quantity of particles (sample size) against time.
The (z_{0}) and (delta z^{ 2}_{s}) are the time-average position of cell surface and the deviation of the sample fluctuation.
Upon obtaining a new REDR i sample, node i updates its residual energy depletion rate REDR i through the well-known exponential weighted moving average method to mitigate the fluctuation of REDR i sample (see Equation 2).
Measured values were averaged over a width of 2 3 pixels in the aberration maps (which corresponds to ≈ 50 μm) in order to limit fluctuations due to the local structure of the sample that are not taken into account in our simplified model.
