This relationship is experimentally verified by a large set of experimental pressure fluctuation data from slugging, bubbling, and circulating fluidized beds.
They used a free-falling Chameleon to collect pressure, potential temperature, conductivity, temperature gradient, horizontal velocity shears, and vertical velocity fluctuation data.
The surface water and groundwater interaction may be studied by groundwater modeling, channel water balance, isotope mass balance method, and/or by statistical method using the river and groundwater-level fluctuation data.
To obtain auto- and cross-correlation curves, raw fluorescence fluctuation data were fitted to a three-dimensional diffusion model with homemade software.
The fluctuation data are obtained first in the space-time coordinates and are then transformed into the spectral domain spanning the wavevectors and frequencies by using the fast Fourier transform algorithm.
Computations were performed using the program Salvador, which calculates both m, the mean number of mutations occurring in a culture, and 95% confidence intervals from the fluctuation data (Zheng 2002, 2005, 2007).
In 2dPCH, a two-dimensional histogram of fluorescence counts in red and green channels is generated (Figure 1A, 1D) from fluctuation data.
The former is an objective, mathematical exercise and the method itself does not require any specific type of fluctuation data as far as the fluctuations belong the same statistical family (so, discontinuities should be avoided in the data).
The validity of the theory is confirmed experimentally by applying it to non-stationary road traffic noise level fluctuation data.
The new analysis of the WMAP fluctuation data indicated that the universe is 13.73 billion years old with a precision of better than 1% and that the first stars formed only about 430 million years after the big bang.
