Exact(6)
We have calculated the profile for the electrical potential fluctuation at a given point across the interface.
However, (c) the I485/I625 ratios at varied concentrations showed much less fluctuation at a given concentration of the oxidizing agent.
As can be seen from Fig. 8a and c, with more stringent PRV constraint, i.e., increasing the trade-off parameter β, the PRV of the FSBB tends to decrease, while keeping the passband fluctuation at a lower level.
However, the I485/I625 ratios showed much less fluctuation at a given concentration of the oxidizing agent when the nanodot concentration varied between 15 and 35 μM (Figure 4c), indicating that the silver nanodot concentration had little impact on the detection accuracy of the hypochlorite concentration.
Salzberg et al. [8] found that the fractional fluctuation at a given intensity was less than 2×10−5 (over a bandwidth of 1 KHz), an order of magnitude smaller than that of a quartz tungsten halogen lamp.
The autocorrelation function G for fluctuations around a mean intensity I is described as follows, with the angle brackets representing an ensemble average: G = 1 + 〈 δ I (t ) ⋅ δ I (t + τ ) 〉 〈 I 2 〉 Here, the intensity fluctuation δ I t) around the average intensity I, at time t, is correlated with the fluctuation at a given time later, δ I(t+τ).
Similar(54)
The problem is formulated so as to find the duration of maximum green time for each stage in response to recurrent traffic flow fluctuation at an intersection.
A polarization scrambler (Agilent polarimeter) was then used to introduce wide polarization fluctuations at a rate of 0.625 kHz.
Schneider, N. L., Lü, J. T., Brandbyge, M. & Berndt, R. Light emission probing quantum shot noise and charge fluctuations at a biased molecular junction.
The laser spectra from oil-droplet microlasers can chart cytoplasmic internal stress (~500 pN/μm2) and its dynamic fluctuations at a sensitivity of 20 Pa/μm2 (20 Pa).
A comparison between two polarization states, linear and circular, proves how a circularly polarized beam could reduce, up to 3 times, intensity fluctuations at a fixed velocity aberration.
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