The relatively narrow intercellular space of the primordial follicle allows ferritin and possibly other molecules of similar size to cross, whereas in the late stages of rapid follicular growth, the shape of granulosa cells must accommodate the increasing flow of egg yolk precursors that accumulate at the surface of the plasma membrane of the follicle [ 7].
The marine environment should offer ample opportunities for homogenizing gene flow through passive dispersal of eggs and larvae with ocean currents and active movement of older individuals (Waples 1998).
Echoing Aesop's classic fable, the authors urge efforts to protect the future flow of golden eggs by taking better care of the goose that lays them.
By increasing air flow around the eggs, egg clustering may also enhance egg water exchange46,47,48, reduce the risk of mold49 or promote hatching synchrony (i.e. egg communication50,51).
The problem of fertilization of eggs in rapidly flowing water has been overcome by various modifications.
This observation has led to the proposal of man-mediated passive dispersal of eggs, larvae, and adults artificially increasing gene flow at broad spatial scales (Huber 2004).
As shown in Fig. 4, the contrast between the blood flow map of normal developing embryo and that of embryo cooled for different lengths of time reveals the relation between the blood flow and the temperature of egg.
By studying seven different species, Galarza et al. (2009) showed that marine currents and sea fronts can represent effective barriers to gene flow between populations, regardless of egg type or pelagic larval duration, resulting in detectable genetic differentiation at regional scales.
These data strongly support our earlier findings where virtually all of the oocyte Yps are maturationally proteolysed to FAA that subsequently drive the osmotic flow of water into the highly hydrated egg [ 19].
Plus, in buried nests airflow is somewhat limited, thus requiring eggs to be relatively porous to help increase the flow of oxygen into and carbon dioxide out of the eggs.
