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The slurry was there after allowed to settle for 30 minutes and supernatant containing the fine granules discarded till the floating granules disappeared from supernatant.
Inside the floating granules the gas tunnels were closed and inside settled sludge the tunnels were opened.
The floating granules were taken out of the reactor and broken into small pieces and returned into reactor to overcome the frequent floating problem of ANAMMOX sludge.
Chen et al. [ 113] assumed that the floating granules have blocked gas tunnels and gas pockets and thus the dinitrogen gas could not be released from sludge which caused floating of the sludges.
The diameter of the floating granules was 2.31 6.96 mm with an average of 4.58 ± 1.22 mm, while that of the settling granules was 0.86 6.98 mm with an average of 2.96 ± 0.99 mm [ 89].
Similar(55)
Tang et al. [ 28] determined the ECP contents of the floated granules and found that extracellular proteins and PN/PS ratios of the floated ANAMMOX granules (3.88 4.09) at high NRRs and HLRs were significantly higher than the counterparts of well-settled (2.40 2.65) granules.
The floating ANAMMOX granules did not settle, so only the settling velocity of settling ANAMMOX granules was determined.
There may, however, be individual granules of sugar floating around in the syrup.
Another possible explanation for the high abundance in the effluent is that these bacteria grew not only attached to the granule, but also in the bulk liquid as free floating cells.
After the hollows were filled with gas bubbles, the ANAMMOX granules would float and be washed out of reactor, leading to failure of ANAMMOX process.
Various researchers investigated EPS and pointed out that the higher PN/PS ratio of microbial granules led to lower strength and weaker settleability [ 100– 103]; thus the sludge floating or foaming would occurr easily [ 90, 104].
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