We describe case studies of fleet communication programs of the US North Atlantic longline swordfish fishery, US North Pacific and Alaska trawl fisheries, and US Alaska demersal longline fisheries, and identify alternative fleet communication program designs to reduce fisheries bycatch.
Evidence supports the inference that these three fleet communication programs substantially reduced fisheries bycatch and provided economic benefits that greatly outweighed operational costs.
Fleet communication systems report near real-time observations of bycatch hotspots to enable a fishery to operate as a coordinated "One Fleet" to substantially reduce fleet-wide capture of protected bycatch species.
Fleet communication may be appropriate in fisheries where there are strong economic incentives to reduce bycatch, interactions with bycatch species are rare events, adequate onboard observer coverage exists, and for large fleets, vessels are represented by a fishery association.
Other approaches to mitigating bycatch in marine capture fisheries include input and output controls (measures to limit effort and catch), compensatory mitigation, marine spatial planning, fleet communication, and market-based mechanisms [7], [23].
7 Leonard et al 8 developed the Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation (SBAR) approach to interprofessional communication by adapting the USA nuclear submarine fleet communication protocol 'situation background assessment and resolution', replacing 'resolution' with 'recommendation' in their (SBAR) model.
In the case of a drone fleet, a communication architecture must be defined and implemented in order to manage the exchange of information flows between the control station and drones.
When organized in a fleet with communication capabilities and exchange of information with a central data system, they give rise to a Floating-Car Data (FCD) system.
To be effective, a policy package should combine all kinds of instruments in a comprehensive and balanced way: network management, framework conditions, economic incentives and fleet procurement, communication and diffusion, and multimodal transport policy.
The field test is also being undertaken to determine how, and in what form, messaging can be used to effectively aim at a fleet of communication-enabled vehicles.
At present, it is only suitable for the internal communication among fleet of vessels and the directional communication to the seashore base station.
