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Relying on such flawed indicators will misdirect federal civil rights efforts.
Many experts argue their release will unfairly malign teachers, because they are flawed indicators of overall teacher performance.
Win-loss records can be flawed indicators about a pitcher's value.
If it turns out that standardized tests are inherently flawed indicators — not just misapplied, overused, or badly implemented — then all judgments based on those numbers would have to be rethought.
The survey questions that NSF has used for 25 years to measure knowledge of evolution and the big bang were "flawed indicators of scientific knowledge because responses conflated knowledge and beliefs," says Louis Lanzerotti, an astrophysicist at the New Jersey Institute of Technology who chairs NSB's Science and Engineering Indicators Committee.
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Accordingly, the supposed positive subjective well-being effects of Ramadan are a flawed indicator of genuine well-being.
This will lessen the reliance on test scores, which are acknowledged to be a flawed indicator of a teacher's expertise.
While there are differences in quality between the most commonly used exams (e.g., PISA, TIMSS), the fact is that any one-shot, pencil-and-paper standardized test -- particularly one whose questions are multiple-choice -- offers a deeply flawed indicator of learning as compared with authentic classroom-based assessments.
Using a similarly flawed indicator in both intervention and control groups has at least the advantage that the error is constant.
The "minimalist" option of simply replacing the flawed underweight indicator with the superior stunting indicator in the poverty goal will not galvanize any constituency and should be rejected.
Poor interpretation of results from previous studies; flawed outcome measures used (indicators of bias only).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com